How Does Mirena Work?

Mirena birth control works by releasing levonorgestrel. This hormone thins the lining of the uterus. It also thickens the mucus in the cervix. As a result, sperm has a hard time moving and surviving in the uterus. This prevents pregnancy.

The thinning of the uterine lining can also reduce or stop menstrual bleeding.


Mirena Insertion and Removal

Women can have Mirena birth control inserted during a regular doctor’s visit. Mirena insertion takes about five minutes.

Doctors use a few tools to help insert the device but the insertion is not considered surgery.

Women should wait at least seven days after the start of their period to insert Mirena. Women who have just given birth, had a miscarriage or an abortion should wait at least six weeks.

A doctor or other trained health provider can remove Mirena at any time.

Eight out of 10 women who have had their Mirena IUD removed can get pregnant within a year, according to Bayer’s Mirena Handbook.

Health care providers must remove Mirena if it moves out of place. If a patient is not pregnant, she can get a new IUD inserted.



Mirena Complications

Not all women experience Mirena side effects in the same way. Some women may have pain during insertion and for several days after. Others experience only minor discomfort or cramping. There’s also the potential for more serious complications such as perforation or Mirena migration.


Side effects and complications of Mirena include:

Perforation

Expulsion

Ovarian cysts

An unexpected pregnancy, including ectopic pregnancy

Spontaneous abortion or loss of pregnancy and preterm labor

Breast cancer

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or other severe pelvic infections, including sepsis

Intracranial hypertension or pseudotumor cerebri (unexplained pressure inside the head that can lead to vision loss)



Mirena Crash

Some websites refer to Mirena removal side effects as the “Mirena Crash” But there have been no official studies done on the crash.

After doctors remove Mirena, the sudden change in hormone levels can cause a number of symptoms. These include mood swings, breast tenderness, nausea, sadness or depression and flu-like symptoms.


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